cbe

USD
54.4025
55.4906
,
GBP
64.7507
66.0457
,
EUR
58.3684
59.5358
,
CHF
57.1241
58.2666
,
SEK
4.5341
4.6248
,
NOK
4.4889
4.5787
,
DKK
7.0919
7.2337
,
DJF
0.3047
0.3108
,
JPY
0.3522
0.3592
,
CAD
36.8768
37.6143
,
SAR
13.1274
13.3899
,
AED
13.4029
13.671
,
XAF
0.002
0.0122
,
INR
,
KES
,
AUD
32.8737
33.5312
,
SDR
,
ZAR
,
CNY
6.9052
7.0433
,
KWD
168.8466
172.2235

awash

EUR
56.5106
57.6408
,
GBP
64.5257
65.8162
,
JPY
0.4037
0.4118
,
CHF
57.4629
58.6122
,
SAR
14.1527
14.4358

abyssinia

AED
13.4029
13.671
,
CAD
36.8768
37.6143
,
CHF
57.1241
58.2666
,
EUR
58.3684
59.5358
,
GBP
64.7507
66.0457
,
NOK
4.4889
4.5787
,
SAR
13.1274
13.3899
,
SEK
4.5341
4.6248
,
USD
54.4025
55.4906

abay

USD
54.4025
55.4906
,
EUR
58.3684
59.5358
,
GBP
67.8018
69.1578
,
CHF
59.8158
61.0121
,
AUD
36.3245
37.051
,
AED
14.8098
15.106
,
CNY
7.6301
7.7827
,
DKK
7.8363
7.993
,
DJF
0.3047
0.3108
,
INR
0.6587
0.6719
,
JPY
0.3891
0.3969
,
KES
0.3904
0.3982
,
NOK
4.9601
5.0593
,
SAR
14.5054
14.7955
,
ZAR
2.8707
2.9281
,
SEK
5.0101
5.1103
,
SDR
72.3662
73.8135

zemen

CAD
40.7479
41.5629
,
EUR
58.3684
59.5358
,
GBP
67.8018
69.1578
,
SEK
5.0101
5.1103
,
USD
54.4025
55.4906

buna

USD
54.4025
55.4906
,
EUR
58.3684
59.5358
,
GBP
64.7507
66.0457
,
AED
13.4029
13.671
,
SAR
13.1274
13.3899
,
CAD
36.8768
37.6143
,
CNY
6.9052
7.0433
,
USD
7.0919
7.2337
,
EUR
4.5341
4.6248
,
GBP
57.1241
58.2666
,
AED
0.3522
0.3592
,
SAR
4.4889
4.5787
,
CAD
168.8466
172.2235
,
CNY
32.8737
33.5312

nib

GBP
64.7507
66.0457
,
EUR
58.3684
59.5358
,
CHF
57.1241
58.2666
,
USD
54.4025
55.4906
,
CAD
36.8768
37.6143
,
AED
13.4029
13.671
,
SAR
13.1274
13.3899

berhan

USD
54.3861
55.4738
,
EUR
58.2693
59.4347
,
GBP
64.6741
65.9676
,
CAD
36.7611
37.4963
,
AED
13.3989
13.6669
,
YUA
6.9193
7.0577

wegagen

USD
54.2965
55.3824
,
GBP
64.0075
65.2877
,
EURO
58.1841
59.3478
,
CAD
36.1417
36.8645
,
AUD
32.1413
32.7841
,
CHF
56.8974
58.0353
,
SEK
4.6669
4.7602
,
NOK
4.6606
4.7538
,
DKK
7.1482
7.2912
,
DJF
0.3031
0.3092
,
INR
0.6588
0.672
,
KSH
0.4039
0.412
,
JPY
0.3681
0.3755
,
SAR
13.0258
13.2863
,
AED
13.3071
13.5732
,
ZAR
3.1723
3.2357
,
CNY
7.1053
7.2474
,
KWD
168.0519
171.4129

dgb

USD
54.4025
55.4906
,
GBP
67.8018
69.1578
,
EUR
58.3684
59.5358
,
CHF
59.8158
61.0121
,
CAD
40.7479
41.5629
,
AUD
36.3245
37.051
,
SEK
5.0101
5.1103
,
NOK
4.9601
5.0593
,
DKK
7.8363
7.993
,
DJF
0.3047
0.3108
,
INR
0.6587
0.6719
,
KSH
0.3904
0.3982
,
JPY
0.3891
0.3969
,
SAR
14.5054
14.7955
,
AED
14.8098
15.106
,
ZAR
2.8707
2.9281
,
CNY
7.6301
7.7827
,
KWD
176.8027
180.3388

enat

USD
53.1422
54.205
,
GBP
62.1342
63.3769
,
CHF
0
0
,
SEK
0
0
,
NOK
0
0
,
DKK
0
0
,
KES
0
0
,
JPY
0
0
,
DJF
0
0
,
CAD
0
0
,
AUD
0
0
,
SAR
0
0
,
AED
0
0
,
ZAR
0
0
,
CNY
0
0

addis

GBP
61.7297
62.9643
,
USD
53.7176
54.792

nbe

KWD
126.8085
129.34467
,
CNH
5.6258
5.738316
,
ZAR
2.6751
2.728602
,
AED
9.9063
10.104426
,
SDR
57.7908
58.946616
,
EUR
48.4016
49.369632
,
CAD
28.7765
29.35203
,
AUD
28.3265
28.89303
,
JPY
0.3389
0.345678
,
SAR
9.7001
9.894102
,
INR
0.5525
0.56355
,
DJF
0.2234
0.227868
,
KES
0.3664
0.373728
,
DKK
5.8896
6.007392
,
NOK
4.2714
4.356828
,
SEK
4.3114
4.397628
,
CHF
41.5822
42.413844
,
GBP
53.539
54.60978

dashen

USD
54.4025
55.4906
,
GBP
64.7507
66.0457
,
CHF
57.1241
58.2666
,
SEK
4.5341
4.6248
,
NOK
4.4889
4.5787
,
DKK
7.0919
7.2337
,
JPY
0.3522
0.3592
,
CAD
36.8768
37.6143
,
SAR
13.1274
13.3899
,
AED
13.4029
13.671
,
EUR
58.3684
59.5358
,
DJF
,
INR
,
KES
,
AUD
,
ZAR
,
CNY
,
AED

oromia

USD
53.3285
54.3951
,
EUR
56.7522
57.8872
,
GBP
64.2235
65.508
,
SAR
14.185
14.4687
,
CHF
57.398
58.546
,
AED
14.5198
14.8102

lion

USD
54.4025
55.4906
,
GBP
67.8018
69.1578
,
EUR
58.3684
59.5358

coop

USD
54.3747
55.4622
,
GBP
67.4953
68.8452
,
EUR
58.1483
59.3113
,
SAR
14.4991
14.7891
,
AED
14.8027
15.0988

gadaa

hijra

EUR
59.0833
60.265
,
USD
54.2297
55.3143
,
GBP
64.8713
66.1687
,
AED
13.3629
13.6302
,
KWD
168.8489
172.2259
,
SAR
13.3629
13.3481

National Bank of Ethiopia in 2023: The Roles and Functions

The National Bank of Ethiopia was inaugurated in 1963 to engage in the singular task of central banking for Ethiopia. Prior to proclamation 206/1963, during the Imperial regime, the institution was engaged in the double duty of commercial and central banking.

Since then the National Bank was given considerable administrative autonomy and legal personality in addition to an increase in capital.

National Bank of Ethiopia Roles and Functions

The Role and Function of the National Bank of Ethiopia 2023

The roles the National Bank performed went through a myriad of changes in tandem with changes in government administrations before settling on the market-based economic policy proclamation 83/1994.

  • Manage money and credit supply and availability, as well as interest rates and other adjustments.
  • Put restrictions on gold and foreign exchange assets held in deposits by banks and other financial organizations licensed to trade in foreign exchange.
  •  Establish limitations on banks’ and other financial institutions’ net foreign exchange positions, as well as the terms and quantity of their external debt.
  •  Provide banks and other financial institutions with short and long-term refinancing options. Additionally, the proclamation augmented the Bank’s paid-up capital by ETB 20 million.
Institutions governed by the National Bank of Ethiopia
As of 2022, the National Bank of Ethiopia (NBE) oversees the 19 banks, 18 insures, 41 microfinance institutions, and 1966 Ethiopian institutes of financial studies that exist in the country.

History of the National Bank of Ethiopia: From Inception to 2022

The long history and origination of the National Bank of Ethiopia dates back to 1905 when an agreement was reached between Emperor Menelik II, the then ruler of Ethiopia, and Mr. Ma Gillivray, representative of the British owned National Bank of Egypt.

Emperor Menilik II
Emperor Menilik II

The pact resulted in the inauguration of the first bank in Ethiopia in Feb.16, 1906. It was christened as the Bank of Abyssinia and was under the full management control of the Egyptian National Bank until the Bank’s liquidation in 1931.

This occurrence has happened due to a number of reasons, some of which included its inefficiency and profit-driven nature.

Immediately following this event, Ethiopia formed the Bank of Ethiopia, the first fully-African owned bank on the continent, by an official order on August 29, 1931 with an initial capital of £750,000.

The bank took over the commercial duties of the former bank and continued successfully before briefly ceasing operation during the Italian invasion of 1935.

Upon its reinstitution, the State Bank of Ethiopia was granted the sole right of issuing currency and dealing in foreign currency while also acting as the principal commercial bank in the country.

This went on until the proclamation mentioned at the very beginning (206/1963) divided the function of commercial and central banking attributing the former to National Bank of Ethiopia and the latter to the Commercial Bank of Ethiopia (CBE).

Facts about the National Bank of Ethiopia

Fun fact: In contrast to the prior State Bank of Ethiopia, the new Commercial Bank of Ethiopia employed only Ethiopians.

However, on September 1, 1976, monetary and banking proclamation No. 99 of 1976 went into effect, defining the National Bank’s duty in accordance with the country’s socialist economic principles adopted during the derg regime.

Logo of the Ethiopian Workers' Party
Derg Regime/ Workers’ Party of Ethiopia

Besides altering the role of this institution to participate actively in national planning and broad its area of regulation to include other financial institutions such as insurance institutions, credit cooperatives and investment-oriented banks, the declaration reintroduced the term Ethiopian “birr”, replacing Ethiopian dollar as the legal tender.

Only three banks remained in the finance industry left behind by the socialist-oriented government, each with a monopoly in its own market: The National Bank of Ethiopia (NBE), the Commercial Bank of Ethiopia (CBE), and the Agricultural and Industrial Development Bank (AIDB).

In that year, the Ethiopian People’s Revolutionary Democratic Front (EPRDF) established a liberal economy system when the derg dictatorship, which had dominated the nation for 17 years under a command economy, fell apart in 1991.

Liberal economy system brings us back to the Monetary and Banking Proclamation of 1994 established Ethiopia’s national bank as a judicial body apart from the government and defined its chief functions listed above.

To read more on the National Bank of Ethiopia, visit their official page using the link: nbe.gov.et