cbe

USD
55.7444
56.8593
,
GBP
67.2742
68.6197
,
EUR
60.3991
61.6071
,
CHF
60.9734
62.1929
,
SEK
4.8329
4.9296
,
NOK
4.6491
4.7421
,
DKK
7.3299
7.4765
,
DJF
0.3122
0.3184
,
JPY
0.3429
0.3498
,
CAD
37.2068
37.9509
,
SAR
13.4497
13.7187
,
AED
13.7354
14.0101
,
XAF
0.012
0.0122
,
INR
,
KES
,
AUD
33.1801
33.8437
,
SDR
,
ZAR
,
CNY
7.0626
7.2039
,
KWD
172.3885
175.8363

awash

EUR
56.5106
57.6408
,
GBP
64.5257
65.8162
,
JPY
0.4037
0.4118
,
CHF
57.4629
58.6122
,
SAR
14.1527
14.4358

abyssinia

abay

USD
55.7444
56.8593
,
EUR
60.3991
61.6071
,
GBP
70.4442
71.8531
,
CHF
63.8465
65.1234
,
AUD
36.6631
37.3964
,
AED
15.1772
15.4807
,
CNY
7.804
7.9601
,
DKK
8.0993
8.2613
,
DJF
0.3122
0.3184
,
INR
0.6684
0.6818
,
JPY
0.3789
0.3865
,
KES
0.3632
0.3705
,
NOK
5.1371
5.2398
,
SAR
14.8616
15.1588
,
ZAR
2.9639
3.0332
,
SEK
5.3402
5.447
,
SDR
74.2906
75.7764

zemen

CAD
40.1728
40.9763
,
EUR
58.6912
59.865
,
GBP
67.4111
68.7593
,
SEK
4.9496
5.0486
,
USD
55.5052
55.5052

buna

USD
54.778
55.8736
,
EUR
60.4201
61.6285
,
GBP
67.3216
68.668
,
AED
13.4962
13.7661
,
SAR
13.2148
13.4791
,
CAD
37.5106
38.2608
,
CNY
6.9339
7.0726
,
USD
7.3374
7.4841
,
EUR
4.7259
4.8204
,
GBP
60.0815
61.2831
,
AED
0.3485
0.3555
,
SAR
4.8953
4.9932
,
CAD
170.2997
173.7057
,
CNY
33.2543
33.9194

nib

GBP
67.2742
68.6197
,
EUR
60.3991
61.6071
,
CHF
60.9734
62.1929
,
USD
55.7444
56.8593
,
CAD
37.2068
37.9509
,
AED
13.7354
14.0101
,
SAR
13.4497
13.7187

berhan

USD
53.4492
54.5182
,
EUR
58.0672
59.2285
,
GBP
62.7892
64.045
,
CAD
36.1521
36.8751
,
AED
13.1691
13.4325
,
YUA
7.1276
7.2702

wegagen

USD
55.6943
56.8082
,
GBP
67.15
68.493
,
EURO
61.0131
62.2334
,
CAD
37.0968
37.8387
,
AUD
33.3569
34.024
,
CHF
60.3518
61.5588
,
SEK
4.8352
4.9319
,
NOK
4.7282
4.8228
,
DKK
7.4063
7.5544
,
DJF
0.3121
0.3183
,
INR
0.6681
0.6815
,
KSH
0.3635
0.3708
,
JPY
0.3393
0.3461
,
SAR
13.438
13.7068
,
AED
13.7231
13.9976
,
ZAR
3.1723
3.2357
,
CNY
7.0459
7.1868
,
KWD
172.3665
175.8138

dgb

USD
55.7444
56.859288
,
GBP
70.4442
71.853084
,
EUR
60.3991
61.607082
,
CHF
63.8465
65.12343
,
CAD
41.1125
41.93475
,
AUD
36.6631
37.396362
,
SEK
5.3402
5.447004
,
NOK
5.1371
5.239842
,
DKK
8.0993
8.261286
,
DJF
0.3122
0.318444
,
INR
0.6684
0.681768
,
KSH
0.3632
0.370464
,
JPY
0.3789
0.386478
,
SAR
14.8616
15.158832
,
AED
15.1772
15.480744
,
ZAR
2.9639
3.023178
,
CNY
7.804
7.96008
,
KWD
180.5115
184.12173

enat

USD
53.1422
54.205
,
GBP
62.1342
63.3769
,
CHF
0
0
,
SEK
0
0
,
NOK
0
0
,
DKK
0
0
,
KES
0
0
,
JPY
0
0
,
DJF
0
0
,
CAD
0
0
,
AUD
0
0
,
SAR
0
0
,
AED
0
0
,
ZAR
0
0
,
CNY
0
0

addis

nbe

KWD
126.8085
129.34467
,
CNH
5.6258
5.738316
,
ZAR
2.6751
2.728602
,
AED
9.9063
10.104426
,
SDR
57.7908
58.946616
,
EUR
48.4016
49.369632
,
CAD
28.7765
29.35203
,
AUD
28.3265
28.89303
,
JPY
0.3389
0.345678
,
SAR
9.7001
9.894102
,
INR
0.5525
0.56355
,
DJF
0.2234
0.227868
,
KES
0.3664
0.373728
,
DKK
5.8896
6.007392
,
NOK
4.2714
4.356828
,
SEK
4.3114
4.397628
,
CHF
41.5822
42.413844
,
GBP
53.539
54.60978

dashen

USD
55.7444
56.8593
,
GBP
67.2742
68.6197
,
CHF
60.9734
62.1929
,
SEK
4.8329
4.9296
,
NOK
4.6491
4.7421
,
DKK
7.3299
7.4765
,
JPY
0.3429
0.3498
,
CAD
37.2068
37.9509
,
SAR
13.4497
13.7187
,
AED
13.7354
14.0101
,
EUR
60.3991
61.6071
,
DJF
,
INR
,
KES
,
AUD
,
ZAR
,
CNY
,
AED

oromia

lion

USD
55.716
56.8303
,
GBP
67.3251
68.6716
,
EUR
60.7026
61.9167

coop

USD
55.6943
56.8082
,
GBP
70.3141
71.7204
,
EUR
61.0131
62.2334
,
SAR
14.8486
15.1456
,
AED
15.1636
15.4669

gadaa

hijra

EUR
59.0833
60.265
,
USD
54.2297
55.3143
,
GBP
64.8713
66.1687
,
AED
13.3629
13.6302
,
KWD
168.849
172.226
,
SAR
13.3629
13.3481

National Bank of Ethiopia in 2023: The Roles and Functions

The National Bank of Ethiopia was inaugurated in 1963 to engage in the singular task of central banking for Ethiopia. Prior to proclamation 206/1963, during the Imperial regime, the institution was engaged in the double duty of commercial and central banking.

Since then the National Bank was given considerable administrative autonomy and legal personality in addition to an increase in capital.

National Bank of Ethiopia Roles and Functions

The Role and Function of the National Bank of Ethiopia 2023

The roles the National Bank performed went through a myriad of changes in tandem with changes in government administrations before settling on the market-based economic policy proclamation 83/1994.

  • Manage money and credit supply and availability, as well as interest rates and other adjustments.
  • Put restrictions on gold and foreign exchange assets held in deposits by banks and other financial organizations licensed to trade in foreign exchange.
  •  Establish limitations on banks’ and other financial institutions’ net foreign exchange positions, as well as the terms and quantity of their external debt.
  •  Provide banks and other financial institutions with short and long-term refinancing options. Additionally, the proclamation augmented the Bank’s paid-up capital by ETB 20 million.
Institutions governed by the National Bank of Ethiopia
As of 2022, the National Bank of Ethiopia (NBE) oversees the 19 banks, 18 insures, 41 microfinance institutions, and 1966 Ethiopian institutes of financial studies that exist in the country.

History of the National Bank of Ethiopia: From Inception to 2022

The long history and origination of the National Bank of Ethiopia dates back to 1905 when an agreement was reached between Emperor Menelik II, the then ruler of Ethiopia, and Mr. Ma Gillivray, representative of the British owned National Bank of Egypt.

Emperor Menilik II
Emperor Menilik II

The pact resulted in the inauguration of the first bank in Ethiopia in Feb.16, 1906. It was christened as the Bank of Abyssinia and was under the full management control of the Egyptian National Bank until the Bank’s liquidation in 1931.

This occurrence has happened due to a number of reasons, some of which included its inefficiency and profit-driven nature.

Immediately following this event, Ethiopia formed the Bank of Ethiopia, the first fully-African owned bank on the continent, by an official order on August 29, 1931 with an initial capital of £750,000.

The bank took over the commercial duties of the former bank and continued successfully before briefly ceasing operation during the Italian invasion of 1935.

Upon its reinstitution, the State Bank of Ethiopia was granted the sole right of issuing currency and dealing in foreign currency while also acting as the principal commercial bank in the country.

This went on until the proclamation mentioned at the very beginning (206/1963) divided the function of commercial and central banking attributing the former to National Bank of Ethiopia and the latter to the Commercial Bank of Ethiopia (CBE).

Facts about the National Bank of Ethiopia

Fun fact: In contrast to the prior State Bank of Ethiopia, the new Commercial Bank of Ethiopia employed only Ethiopians.

However, on September 1, 1976, monetary and banking proclamation No. 99 of 1976 went into effect, defining the National Bank’s duty in accordance with the country’s socialist economic principles adopted during the derg regime.

Logo of the Ethiopian Workers' Party
Derg Regime/ Workers’ Party of Ethiopia

Besides altering the role of this institution to participate actively in national planning and broad its area of regulation to include other financial institutions such as insurance institutions, credit cooperatives and investment-oriented banks, the declaration reintroduced the term Ethiopian “birr”, replacing Ethiopian dollar as the legal tender.

Only three banks remained in the finance industry left behind by the socialist-oriented government, each with a monopoly in its own market: The National Bank of Ethiopia (NBE), the Commercial Bank of Ethiopia (CBE), and the Agricultural and Industrial Development Bank (AIDB).

In that year, the Ethiopian People’s Revolutionary Democratic Front (EPRDF) established a liberal economy system when the derg dictatorship, which had dominated the nation for 17 years under a command economy, fell apart in 1991.

Liberal economy system brings us back to the Monetary and Banking Proclamation of 1994 established Ethiopia’s national bank as a judicial body apart from the government and defined its chief functions listed above.

To read more on the National Bank of Ethiopia, visit their official page using the link: nbe.gov.et